2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）和(二)试题及答案
本帖最后由 首经贸 于 2018-4-25 11:29 编辑2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points).In1924America'sNational Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago.It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting1workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 2giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the4behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant.According to5of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased,
but alsowhen it wasdimmed. It did not 6what wasdonein theexperiment;
7something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 8thattheywerebeing
experimented upon seemed to be9to alter workers' behavior10itself.
After severaldecades, the same datawere 11to econometric the analysis.
Hawthorne experimentshasanother surprisestore12the descriptions on record, no systematic13was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to14 interpretation of what happed.15, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output16rose compared with the previous Saturday and17 to rise for the next couple of days.18, a comparison with data for weeks whentherewas no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers19to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before20a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.
1. affected achieved extracted restored
2. at up with off
3. truth sight act proof
4. controversial perplexing mischievous ambiguous
5. requirements explanations accounts assessments
6. conclude matter indicate work
7. as far as for fear that in case that so long as
8. awareness expectation sentiment illusion
9. suitable excessive enough abundant
10. about for on by
11. compared shown subjected conveyed
12. contrary to consistent with parallel with peculiar to
13. evidence guidance implication source
14. disputable enlightening reliable misleading
15. In contrast For example In consequence As usual
16. duly accidentally unpredictably suddenly
17. failed ceased started continued
20. breaking climbing surpassing hitting
Section IIReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing , , or . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
Ofallthechanges thathavetaken placeinEnglish-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the factthattheir learnedcontentswereonce deemed suitable forpublication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which itappeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, andeven those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as acalling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. ― So few authors have brains enoughliterary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism, ‖ Newman wrote, ― that I am tem
to define ?journalism ‘ as ?a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are. ‘‖Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus,who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that hisAutobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet onlyone ofhisbooksisnowinprint,and hisvastbody ofwritings on music is unknown save tospecialists.Is there any chance that Cardus ‘ s criticism will enjoy aTrheevipvraols?pect seems remote.Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that
arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by free themes. casual style. elaborate layout. radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on? It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals
It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs? His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. His style caters largely to modern specialists. His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text? Newspapers of the Good Old Days The Lost Horizon in Newspapers Mournful Decline of Journalism Prominent Critics in Memory...........2010年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）和(二)试题及答案附件：
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